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佩奇小说网>国际课改重点内容是什么>On the Naming of Curriculum Standards02

On the Naming of Curriculum Standards02(第2页)

(2)“Broad-sensedcurriculum”—broad-sensedcurrideag。Theeafieag”exclusivelytoinstru,toinstruthatisbasedongivenandready-madeteagmaterialsandthatstressesteagskillsandteiques。Inthiscase,curriculumassumesabroadsense,meaningalmostthesameas“edu”。Heheideaofbroad-sensedcurrideaderthiscept,wemayhavesuchviewsas“curriculumbeforetead“currigteadsutwas“curridteag”ratherthan“teadcurriculum”。Teagisregardedasitemsdefihecurriculum。Mattersofteagarelaiddowninthecurridputintoalywhencurriculumisbeied。

&viewsosofteadcurriculumco-exist,anditishardtoexpesensusiure。Sothestablerelatioeadcurriculumwillue。Thetroversiesnihenotionofacurrithetwehthegbroadeablerelatioweeion,teadmaterials(orbetweeofedudthatofteag)hasbeeocethesemantigoftheceptsofteadcurriculumissubjege,therelatioeadcurriculumisunstable,ahehetofbasicedudn&leartoge。

5。Thenamiandactivityofbasicedu

Therearefourtypesofnaming,i。e。namihetermsorcepts,edu,teadcurriculum。Suchrespeamesasstandard,guideline,syllabusandprogrammaybeadopted。Thestrengthsahenameswillbedisthefollowing。

5。1Differeandard,syllabus,guidelineandprogram

Thehedactivityofbasicedushouldbeauthoritativeaebecausetheyareiheirimplementationinprimaryandsedaryschools。Ifthesetwocharacteristiotbeliterallyreized,theyshouldbedevelopedonthebasisofthesusahepeoplewhousethem。Theterm,standard,hasthesehority,whileguidelineandsyllabusgiveustheimpressionofbeiisplicated,theterm,program,maybeused。Astothelegitimabegenerallyuhatan“Act”ismadethroughlegislation,andan“admiion”isissuedaedbyotheradministrativeagesandadmiioheirownformatsaaiwan,termssuchasasyllabusandaprogramareouseinadministrativeordiotbetoacurriculumsyllabusoracurri。Thisisareasonwhycurridardsweregedtuidaaiwaniryhasitslawsystemandhistoricaltradition,sopeopleotusethesewill。

5。2es

Itbedisowadaysthatwheandactivityaretobedefiwoeareas,i。e。thebroad-sehenarrow-seioedabove:eduofoortheoveralldactivityofschooledu。Whehenamingoftheseareas,sometimesdifferentnamesbeusedfordistines,thesamenameisused。InMainlanda,differentnamesareusuallyusedfordistin,whileinTaiwancurridardswereusedifortheoverallceptofedud“××SubjectCurridards”wasusedfordifferes。tlyoneoverallnameisused。IntheUSA,differeshavetheirownstandards,buttheyarequitedifferentasfarasthetised。Thestandardseographylaystressoiomatter,whilesceedustandardsincludesstru,professioofsceteachers,evaluationofsceedu,steiramsandthesceedu。Standardsofsceedudoesnotuse“curriculum”asitsuchastoinpussceedu。

5。3Namingwiththewordcurriculum

Whenanameisgivenwiththewordcurriculum,itoftenappearsasnameslikecurridards,curriculumguidelinesandsyllabusesintheesemainland,HongKongandTaiwaagesanddisadvahiskindofnamingareasfollows。

(1)Advantages

(a)Ithasagreatmanyadvothecurriculumacademia。(b)Italsomeansthatthereisoantareaofresearthecurriculumacademia。(c)Thecurriculumtheoriesfunasadirectguidelineforbasicedu。(d)Theresultsofthedisofdozensofyears'researcurriculumdevelopmentberapidlytransferred。(e)Ifthetermcurriculumwhichwasusedi(e。g。curridardwasuseinTaiwan)istuidelishistoriuitywillbeobserved。

(2)Disadvantages

(a)Teachers,parentsandthepubliedtousethenarrow-sensedcurriculum。Withthenarrow-sensedcurriyspesdoocurriculum,e。g。therequiremeeadtheoperationoftheschool,propriatetobeinacurriculum。(b)Siishcurriculum,moreattentionispaidtothenarrow-sensedcurrisequently,otherrelevantissueswillbeigwillbehardtohaveanoverallsideratiohemasheplementationofthecurriotbetakenintosideration,thecurridstogetseparatefromitsimplementation。(c)Ifthespesinthenarrow-sensedcurriculumappearasindexesofaimsandabilities,itismostlikelythatpeoplethemselvesonlywiththeresultstobeachieved,butverylittlewiththestatementoftheprocessoftheat。Itmayalsofusioerspiletextbooksandteadlearnersductactivitiesinteadlearning。(d)Advocatesofthebroad-sensedcurriculummaythinkthatitisdreasonableforcurriculumtobeusedwhennaming。Ihedactivityofbasiceduarespedplaheprocessofteag,itdefinitelybeesanarrow-sensedcurriculum。Therefore,thebroad-sensedcurriotbeotivationofnamingwithcurritheamingwithcurriculumcastsdoubttotherelevahebroad-sensedcurriculum。

Poscurriningents:aim,orphilosophyofedutent,characteristicsets,activity,materials,theprincipleofsequeheteacher'spradattitude,evaluation,admiors(ingthestructure,equipmentandfinanceofasdotherpartslatthuesthatagoodcurriculumshouldthefollowiorstyle,therelationshipwithotherresourgotherordisaiohefoajorrequiremeargets(thepositionofeachgrade),a(inacewiththediversityaioy)。Afterastudyoftheseargumehatmaioheseedtobeincludedwhencurriculumisusedasaname。

5。4Namingwiththe>

Mainlandausedtoadoptsuamesasteasandsyllabuses。Theadvantagesanddisadvahiskindofnamingareasfollows。

(1)Advantages

(a)Ithasagreatmanyadvotheteagacademia。Italsomeansthatthereisoantareaofreseartheteagacademia。(b)Teagtheoryfunsasadirectguidelineforbasicedu。Peopleareledtosiderthequalityofbasitheperspectiveofteadlearniedtrangeisenlarged,andmanythioteadlearningareindshouldbeiheybeethecoreofthestipulatedtsothatattentionispaidnotoofteag,butalsototheprocessofteadtheneeds。Inthisleareeakeanoverallperspetheymakeaplanandcarefullysidereverythieadlearning。(d)Namingwithteapelspeopletothinkprehemattersgteadlearningsothatthingsmaybemadeeasierwhenteagisactuallydudlessattentionispaidtothenarrow-sensedcurriculum。(e)Namingwithteasrelevanttoteadlearningaheeseexpressiohoughtoftheese-speakingunity。“jiaoxue”(teag)meansbothteadlearning。(f)Ifteagwasusedi(e。g。teaandsyllabusintheMainlanda),itisadvisabletoeaaintainakindofhistoricaltradition。

(2)Disadvantages

(a)ThosettheAmeribroad-sensedcurriculummayfeelthepressureandtroubleingtheheyareiionofnamingwithteadotherpeopleattempttokeepthistradition。(b)Theacademiccircleisusedtotheterm“curridteadthemeaningofteaghasbeennarrowed。Ifsomescholarsthinkthatthemeaningofteagshouldnotbesonarrowedandinsistoeadisputesmayotheacademicfield。(c)Ifpeoplehastilyadopteaddonotgiveprehensivesideratiotersgteadlearning,manyproblemswillimplementation,justlikethecasewithnamingwithcurriculum。Furthermore,theoreticallyspeaking,namingwithteagwillihingsthatnamingwithcurriamingwithteagmayaswellmissthosethatnamingwithcurriculummissed。

5。5Namingwiththe>

Mainlanda,theUes,EnglandandGermaypicalingwiththewordedu,e。g。edustaionplaioagesanddisadvahismethodareasfollows。

(1)Advantages

(a)Thiswayofnamingissupportedbythemajorityofpeopleiionalcircle。(b)Edualtheoryfunsasadirectguidelineforbasicedu。(geofthetisexpanded,aioersaretobeiresswillnotbelaidoofteag,butalsoonvariousaspectsofschooledu。Thuspeopleareeakeanoverallperspetheyplanthings,andsuccesswillbeensuredduriion。(d)Namiioothetermschooledudavoidsdisputesonteadcurriculumregardingtheircepts,theoriesandpointsofview。

Forexample,SchulatioeQingDyeag,learningandthesaswellassubjects,hoursaheEduAct1988ofBritaiassedtoreformedu。Thewholeasistsoffourpartsplussomeschedules。Thefirstpartihereformofprimaryandsedaryschools,fallingiers。Thefirstposedof25articles,discussesthecurriculum,whicludesthepreface(provisionsofvariousresponsibilities),principalprovisions(inggesofthenatios,stages,therespoingnatioerventioninschoolaffairsbypeopleoffcampus),religiousedu,dutiesfeeds,theadvisoryitteeiousedu,curridevaluatioicularsituations,additionaldsooersdealwiththeoperatiionalsanresource,etc。Asforthedetailedspesofthenationalcoursesofvarioussubjects,thereubliotherihe2004fualeduofBadeWurtemberg,Germany。Thisprogramsistsofpreface,theguideliheprogram(ingthegoals,methodsofteadseasures)aandardsforvarioussubjects(subdividedintotlanationofthegoalsahodsofteadthetargetatasofGradeTwoandGradeFour)。

(2)Disadvantages

5。6he>

TheleaningguidelinesissuedbyJapanareaspecificexampleofnamiheadvantagesanddisadvahiskindofnamingareasfollows。

(1)Advantages

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